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Introduction to the
speaker
In 1986, Patrick Reynolds became the first tobacco industry figure
to turn his back on the cigarette makers. He's a grandson of the
tobacco company founder R.J. Reynolds, but the family's cigarette
brands, Camel and Winston, killed his father and eldest brother.
Mr. Reynolds' appearances in the media and before Congress have
made him a nationally known and respected champion for a tobacco
free society. Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop has commented,
"Patrick Reynolds is one of the nation's most influential advocates
for a smokefree America."
In hundreds of live talks before universities, high schools and
middle schools, he has reminded many thousands of students of
the dangers of smoking. Mr. Reynolds has devoted his life to furthering
the goal of a smokefree society, and motivating young people to
stay tobacco free.
His
University lecture and Health Conference keynote combines his
skills as a motivational speaker with an up-to-date report on
today's Tobacco Wars.
He
covers many of the topics below in his talks.
Below are topics covered in
our live program
for Universities, Community Members
and Health Conferences.
TOBACCO
WARS!
The Battle for a Smokefree Society
On America's poly-addictions: cigarettes,
food, alcohol, drugs, music, movies, TV — even work Why are so many of us addicted to one or more of these? The answer
is simple: we seek to avoid our pain. When we change our mood with
diversions like these, we numb out, shut down and shut out our pain — and we do nothing to solve the problem causing it.
The
solution: in difficult moments, avoid substances and other diversions.
Stay with the problem. Think about what's causing your difficulty,
try to clearly identify it and be aware of it. Next, talk about
it to others. It's by talking about our problems that we can best
solve them, and begin to heal.
Stay
with what's bothering you, talk to a trusted friend, family member
or mentor, and then take a step to solve your problem. Taking even
a small first step is important.
In
short, when life's problems arise, and they most certainly will,
don't alter your mood with smoking, alcohol, drugs, music, or working
too hard. Tough it out, and do the work at hand — to stay
with the hard moment, and talk to someone about it.
Life
is not meant to be easy. It's difficult by design. By our personal
struggles, we build and define our character. Dealing with life's
obstacles and failures empowers each of us to become stronger, and
to reach our full potential as adult men and women. And —
you can do it!
His personal story of becoming a
tobaccofree advocate Patrick tells his story of watching his father die from smoking when he
was a boy. In his talks to young people he pauses to asks, "How
many of you in the audience grew up part of the time without your
biological father living at home with you? How do you feel about that? Tonight we are going to connect the things I talk about
to our feelings..."
He
tells the story of his meeting with Senator Robert Packwood during
a 1986 tour of Congress. On learning Mr. Reynolds thought the Federal
tobacco tax, then 16 cents, should be increased, the Senator invited
Patrick to testify before a Congressional committee. When Patrick's
Congressional testimony was later carried by major newsmedia, invitations
from health groups to lend his support poured in.
He
crisscrossed the nation, publicly
championing smoking bans, vending machine bans and State cigarette
tax increases. As Patrick volunteered for these political campaigns,
he became more deeply committed to the tobaccofree cause —
and increasingly aware of what the obstacles were to further progress
for the growing movement for a smokefree
America.
Political campaign contributions
by Big Tobacco In the 2003 - 2004 election cycle, the tobacco
industry made more than $2 million in campaign contributions to
Federal candidates. "No industry gives away that much
money without expecting something in return," Mr. Reynolds
says.
One
example: in October, 2004, a House-Senate committee killed a bill
in Congress to give the FDA authority over tobacco. Committee members
who voted not to let the FDA regulate tobacco received nearly five
times as much in tobacco industry PAC contributions ($27,255 average),
as those who voted for FDA regulation ($5,505 average), according
to a January 2005 report by the Tobacco Free Kids Action Fund and
Common Cause. Contributions from 1995 to 2004 were tallied. Scroll
down for more about this.
FDA Regulation In March, 2005,
a bi-partisan bill was re-introduced in both chambers of Congress
to bring about FDA regulation of tobacco. Until now, tobacco has
enjoyed the unusual special privilege of escaping significant oversight.
If
passed by Congress, the FDA will have the authority to:
• Restrict tobacco advertising and promotion
further, especially ads appealing to children
•
Impede sales to minors
•
Reduce or eliminate harmful chemicals in tobacco, to make tobacco
products less harmful or less addictive
• Prohibit the unsubstantiated health claims
of the so-called "reduced risk" brands, and stop the use
of ad slogans like "All of the taste, less of the toxins,"
"Reduced carcinogens, premium taste," and "Less risk
of cancer," and terms such as "light," "mild,"
or "low tar."
•
Ban candy and fruit flavorings in cigarettes
•
Require full disclosure of ingredients
100% Statewide Smoking Bans -- An
Idea Whose Time Has Come As of the election of November, 2006, seventeen States have now passed strong statewide laws requiring 100% smokefree restaurants, bars, nightclubs and other workplaces. In 2005, five states joined that list, far more than in any previous year. In 2006, eight more States signed on, bringing the current total to 17. Banning smoking 100% appears to be an idea whose time has come, and it is tremendously popular with the public as well.
In
some States, governors and Legislatures have been slow to
respond, perhaps due to the power of the tobacco lobby and
campaign contributions by Big
Tobacco, in the millions annually.
In
response, the health community, usually led by a coalition
of the American Cancer
Society,
the American
Lung
Association
and the American Heart Association, often work to place a measure
on State ballots, and put the matter before voters. These
ballot
measures are passing by landslide margins in every election. As
this is written, more States
are presently in various stages of passing 100% smokefree legislation.
Restaurant
associations claimed formerly that smoking bans will hurt bar
and restaurant business, but studies published in credible medical
journals in State after State (MA, CA, ME, and more) actually
showed an increase
in sales
tax
revenues
in
municipalities
and States which banned smoking 100%. The Restaurant Associations,
often backed by Big Tobacco, were wrong.
In
conclusion, banning
smoking 100% Statewide appears to be an idea whose time
has come.
Tobacco tax increases Increasing
tobacco taxes is a win for three reasons:
• Less youth smoking: for
every 10% increase in the price of cigarettes, there is a 7% reduction
in youth smoking, and a 4% reduction in overall smoking.
• More revenue for States Even with smoking declining,
recent State tobacco tax increases have been significant enough
to help States balance their budgets, pay for some medical services,
fund tobacco prevention programs, and more.
• Public support Polls
show overwhelming popular support for tobacco tax increases. As
a result, there is little liability for politicians to vote for
them. It's no wonder that since the start of 2000, more than 42
States have increased their cigarette taxes.
In 2006, RJ Reynolds announced it would spend $40 million to defeat ballot measures such as tobacco tax hikes and statewide smoking bans. In California alone, RJ Reynolds and Phillip Morris successfully spent $65 million to defeat Proposition 86, a proposed $2.60 tax increase on cigarettes on the November ballot. Sadly, Big Tobacco's paid ads on TV convinced voters to vote against California's tax.
In Missouri, Big Tobacco also successfully spent millions to defeat an 80 cent tax hike on the ballot there.
Federal tobacco tax increase President
Clinton called for a new $1 per pack Federal tax on cigarettes which
the present Congress has failed to pass. President Bush has not
led Congress in the direction of increasing the Federal tax beyond
the present 32 cent per pack.
The Courts came through, but not
Bush or Congress From
the Judicial Branch, we have seen increasing numbers of awards to
individual smokers, a $246 billion settlement with the States in
1998, and the Federal lawsuit by the Justice Department, filed at
the request of former President Clinton in September, 1999.
The
Judicial branch of our government, free of the influence of campaign
contributions, delivered a great victory over the tobacco industry.
Congress and President Bush, however, have thus far failed to be
pro-active in the fight against Big Tobacco.
We
also saw numerous 100% smoking bans passed by many US municipalities.
Notably, city governments are, like the courts, free of campaign
contributions by Big Tobacco.
Mr.
Reynolds also discusses which politicians have taken Big Tobacco's
contributions, and cites a study saying that officials who take
tobacco industry money are several times more likely to vote the
way Big Tobacco wants them to. "No industry gives away millions
of dollars without expecting something in return," says Mr.
Reynolds.
Suits by individual smokers Shouldn't smokers be held accountable for the disease they
bring on themselves by choosing to smoke? "Yes,
smokers should be accountable," Mr. Reynolds responds. "But
does that mean the tobacco industry should go unaccountable for
their part in the problem?
"It's
basic tort law that when a company knows its products are dangerous,
it must warn the public about its products. The tobacco industry's
own documents showed that they knew that their products were addictive
and caused disease and death, yet they concealed that knowledge,
claiming publicly for decades, 'It's never been proven that cigarettes
cause disease.'
And
for years, they targeted youth in their advertising. They used cartoon
characters like Joe Camel, and recently, images of DJ's and rappers
on cigarette packaging and other marketing materials. They also
used powerful role models for young people, such as the Marlboro
Man and images of successful, independent women.
They
targeted youth knowing that teens were their most likely new customers.
Indeed, studies show that only one smoker in ten starts smoking
after reaching age 19. After 19, the tobacco industry is not likely
to rope them in.
In
a secret meeting in the 1950's between all the major tobacco companies,
tobacco executives agreed to stonewall the truth about the health
dangers of smoking. The meeting was held at New York's Plaza Hotel
in the 1950's. They would later also conceal their knowledge of
the addictive properties of nicotine, and deny that second hand
smoke was hazardous, when they knew otherwise.
The Federal Government's Lawsuit During his early years in office, President Bush's budgets
made a choice to grossly under fund the lawsuit launched by President
Clinton in 1999. Finally, Congress appropriated funding for the
US Department of Justice to continue the Federal Government's case,
which seeks to hold the tobacco industry accountable for decades
of harmful and illegal practices. These include concealing the health
risks of smoking and targeting children in multi-million dollar
advertising campaigns. The trial began on September 21, 2004, and
is continuing.
If
the government wins, they will seek to require the tobacco companies
to fund youth tobacco prevention programs and also to provide funding
to help smokers quit. If adequately funded, this could cost the
tobacco industry from tens of billions to hundreds of billions.
The
Federal governments lawsuit against Big Tobacco seeks some of the
same restrictions which FDA Regulation would also bring (see bulleted
points above).
Significantly,
however, the Federal government's lawsuit will seek strong new limits
on tobacco advertising and marketing. Tobacco advertising continues
to be strongly protected by our Constitution's First Amendment,
or Freedom of Speech. One possible solution to reducing or eliminating
tobacco advertising is to include this as a deal point in the settlement
of the government's lawsuit.
A Global Initiative: The Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control In
response to the worldwide tobacco pandemic, a global treaty became
international law on February 27th, 2005. The Treaty has been signed
by 167 nations and ratified by more than 55. While the US has signed
the treaty, as of April, 2005, President Bush has still failed to
send it on to the Senate for ratification.
The
treaty calls on signing nations to:
•
Ban all tobacco advertising and promotion, unless constrained by
the Free Speech section of a nation's constitution, as is the case
in the US.
•
Place large, graphic health warnings on the front of cigarette packages
•
Implement laws to protect non-smokers from second hand smoke
• Increase tobacco taxes or raise the price
of tobacco, in the case of government-owned tobacco monopolies.
This reduces smoking among youth and adults.
•
Combat cigarette smuggling and tobacco industry disinformation
•
Regulate the ingredients in tobacco products
Thus
far, the treaty has helped to increase awareness in signing nations
among government officials, as well as the public, of the need for
and proven effectiveness of tobacco prevention and control programs.
Measures
which have been effective in the US to help bring about declining
smoking rates include tax increases, smoking bans and youth prevention
programs. The Framework Convention Alliance is playing a key role
in informing policymakers and increasing cooperation among nations.

Mr.
Reynolds shows these overheads in his video and live talks.
Art
by Adbusters
Advertising: Targeting youth —
and women, blacks, Asians, Latinos, and Third World peoples Cigarette
ad campaigns have targeted all these groups; Mr. Reynolds opens
students' eyes to the truth about tobacco ad campaigns which have
targeted them. He uses humorous spoofs of cigarette ads, such as
Joe Camel above, dying from cancer in a hospital bed. About the
Malboro Country ad just above, he points out, "These smokers
are gathered outside, because they aren't welcome inside the building.
Today, being a nonsmoker is the norm. If you smoke, you're often
not welcome around others."
He
also shows slides of more recent ad campaigns targeting youth, including
several of those below. Seven States Attorneys General have sued
to stop the tobacco companies from targeting youth, on the grounds
that it violates a deal point in the settlement of the States' lawsuit
against Big Tobacco.
In October, 2006, R.J. Reynolds finally agreed to take its candy-flavored cigarettes almost completely off the market, and to stop running ads associating them with alcoholic beverages.
Ads for R.J. Reynolds Candy-flavored Camel Cigarettes
Click each ad for a larger view.
Ads
for Brown & Williamson's Kool Cigarettes
Click each ad for a larger view.
Ads
for U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Co.
Click each ad for a larger view.
Smoking in Movies and TV In
the 1990's there was a significant upsurge in the amount of smoking
in movies and TV. (See our more detailed page on smoking
in TV and films.) Studies showed that characters in the movies
are much more likely to smoke than a person in real life. In this
way, movies have mislead many teens into thinking that smoking is
more popular than it actually is. Even worse, many stars have made
smoking look cool to kids when they go to movies.
One effective response is to shine the media spotlight on movie
and TV stars who make smoking look cool in their films. Let's give
a dose of healthy shame to producers, directors and stars who make
smoking look cool to kids. John Travolta smoked in every film he'd
appeared in during the 90's. Julia Roberts smoked in several of
her films, as did other stars -- Brad Pitt, Wynona Ryder, and others.
We
uncovered this photo of an old ad for Lark cigarettes by Pierce
Brosnan, seen in Japan. But Brosnan has since shown tremendous
leadership in the Hollywood community, by forswearing smoking
in his films. He has set a brilliant example for other stars. |
Charlie
Sheen's ad for Parliament ran in Japan. Shame on Mr. Sheen!
He set a bad example for youth who look up to him. |
Just a few years ago, some producers would take large payments from
the tobacco companies to place cigarette brands in films. The producers
of License to Kill took a $350,000 payment to have James
Bond smoke Larks in the movie and of course, James Bond is
a role model for young boys.
In Superman II, woman reporter Lois Lane, a nonsmoker in
the comics, chain-smoked Marlboros, and the Marlboro brand name
appeared some 40 times in the film. Tobacco giant Phillip Morris
paid a mere $40,000 to the producers for this. Of course, Lois Lane
is a role model for young girls.
Sylvester Stallone took a $500,000 payment from one tobacco company
to smoke their brand in three of his films. Phillip Morris even
placed its products in, astoundingly, Who Framed Roger Rabbit? and The Muppet Movie.
An Initiation To
help prepare students to deal responsibly with tough moments in
their lives (and not resort to drugs, alcohol or tobacco), Mr. Reynolds
revives the universal ancient tradition of Initiation. In this inspiring
section near the close of his talk, he points out,
"For
many thousands of years, in diverse societies all over the world,
the older members of the tribe would take the younger ones out into
the forest or desert to initiate them into life. Although there
was no radio or newsmedia, tribes all over the Earth engaged in
this practice, whether by intuition, common sense, tradition, or
some blend of these. This near-universal rite of passage of ancient
times has been all but forgotten by our modern society.
"Often
initiation would last two days to a week, and it almost always involved
inflicting pain on the younger ones, such as a ritual wound or fasting.
I believe the core purpose was to let youths know that life would
at times be painful, to expect difficulty, and that this is in a
normal part of adult life. At
the conclusion, most initiation rites would welcome the young to
the world of adults.
"So
I'm going to take a few moments now, and initiate you. I'm not going
to inflict physical pain or have any rituals. I'm just going to
inform you, in no uncertain terms, that life will sometimes be
painful. It's designed to be that way... and it's by our struggles
against adversity and to succeed, that we define who we are. And
it's by staying with our pain that we solve the problem and heal
— not by running away from it.
"So
when difficult moments come, don't alter you mood and avoid your
problems by using cigarettes, or food, alcohol, drugs, TV, music,
sex or work — as so many ordinary, uninitiated adults do.
Take the harder road. Only a baby gets instant gratification; adults
have to delay and wait for it.
"Stay
with the problem, talk about it to a trusted friend or mentor, and
then take a step to solve it. Often there is healing just in talking
about the problem to someone. You can do it — you're
up to the challenge! So stay with the problem and deal with it.
Welcome to the world of adults."
What explains the 73% upsurge in
teen smoking between 1988 and 1998? Youth
smoking has been on the decline since 1998, thanks in part to effective
new tobacco prevention and education programs in some States. But
in 1988, Joe Camel was introduced, and between 1988 and 1998, teen
smoking soared by 73%! A CDC study suggested that cigarette ad campaigns
targeting youth, such as the cartoon camel and the Marlboro Man,
were a significant factor in the dramatic upsurge in teen smoking.
The study also pointed to a substantial increase in the amount smoking
in TV and movies by film stars. Mr. Reynolds also believes to a
keen sense of diminished expectations and heightened anxiety among
today’s teens, documented in new research, was a significant factor.
Mr. Reynolds believes the new anxiety
among youth has also helped fuel a rise in teen smoking and campus
binge drinking. In
a 1999 paper for the Stanford Medical Review, he identified a third
possible factor helping explain the increase in youth smoking from
'88 to '98. He pointed to market research by Coca-Cola, which showed
that "great numbers of young people today suffer from intense
anxiety about the future and an acute sense of diminished expectations." (Time, May 30, 1994). He notes that a Yankelovich Partners
study said that 50% of children ages 9 - 17 are worried about dying
young. (Time, May 3, 1999)
Since
September 11th and the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, many our
youth are more worried about the years ahead. It is documented that
following 9/11, there was a significant upsurge in smoking among
New York's teens.
"Believing
they face a bleak future," says Mr. Reynolds, "many of
today's teens may be more prone to engage in high risk behaviors,
before an uncertain tomorrow arrives." This attitude, he says,
may have contributed not only to teen smoking rates, but also to
drug use and the rise of binge drinking on college campuses.
To counteract this new attitude, he devotes a brief section of his
anti-smoking talk to motivating students to believe more strongly
in the future.
He
does this first by encouraging them to talk to others and not isolate,
second to think more positively, and third, to reevaluate what real wealth is. He questions whether wealth is purely about material
things. Finally, he inspires students with "my own strong faith in the future — that no matter what, things will eventually
be OK.
"I
believe that the 21st century will be a truly extraordinary time.
So hold on to your health. Don't smoke, don't use drugs, and don't
drink, because you'll need your health — every precious bit
of it — for the wondrous and amazing years ahead."
More about smoking bans In
recent years, we have made tremendous strides in our fight against
the tobacco industry.
Our
greatest progress has come from local governments, which
have passed numerous 100% smoking bans, vending machine bans and
sales-to-minors compliance checks.
Review: As of the election of November, 2006, seventeen States have now passed strong statewide laws requiring 100% smokefree restaurants, bars, nightclubs and other workplaces. In 2005, five states joined that list, far more than in any previous year. In 2006, eight more States signed on, bringing the current total to 17. Banning smoking 100% appears to be an idea whose time has come, and it is tremendously popular with the public as well.
In
some States, governors and Legislatures have been slow to
respond, perhaps due to the power of the tobacco lobby and
campaign contributions by Big
Tobacco, in the millions annually.
In
response, the health community, usually led by a coalition
of the American Cancer
Society,
the American
Lung
Association
and the American Heart Association, often work to place a measure
on State ballots, and put the matter before voters. These
ballot
measures are passing by landslide margins in every election. As
this is written, more States
are presently in various stages of passing 100% smokefree legislation.
Restaurant
associations claimed formerly that smoking bans will hurt bar
and restaurant business, but studies published in credible medical
journals in State after State (MA, CA, ME, and more) actually
showed an increase
in sales
tax
revenues
in
municipalities
and States which banned smoking 100%. The Restaurant Associations,
often backed by Big Tobacco, were wrong.
The story in Florida is an example, and became a template which other states would follow. In 2002, a landslide 71% of Florida
voters voted for the 100% Statewide smoking ban, which then went
to the State Legislature. Despite the public mandate to pass a 100%
ban, it did not come from Florida's legislature or Governor Jeb
Bush, possibly because the tobacco industry had been a heavy contributor
to the Florida legislature. So Florida's ban instead came from the
voters in a ballot measure initiated by a coalition of the American
Cancer Society, the American Lung Association, the American Heart
Association, and other groups.
Most
State legislatures had passed weaker laws, which allow for smoking
in 25% to 50% of restaurant seating areas, with little or no restrictions
on bars. Thanks to the tobacco lobby, these Statewide laws often
contain a clause preempting local communities from banning smoking
100% in their city, even if the City Council wanted to, the Statewide
law would prevail, in States with "preemption."
Sadly,
preemption has been a very effective strategy for Big Tobacco in
stopping 100% bans from being passed. In States that are burdened
in this way, one of the highest priorities of local tobaccofree
groups is to repeal preemption.
As
of 2003, only four States have allocated even the CDC's minimum
recommended amount for an effective tobacco education campaign,
despite proof that these programs have been spectacularly successful
in States that funded them well.
For
example, by 2002, Florida's smoking prevention campaign had achieved
a 50% reduction in middle school smoking, and a 35% decrease in
high school smoking.
These
programs work, but nonetheless forty five States have not even met
the CDC's minimum recommended amount. In 2002-3, a troubling new
trend emerged: many States were cutting their already inadequate
tobacco education funds to meet budget shortfalls. Several have
now securitized all or part of their entire 25 years of settlement
payments. This means they took a smaller up front payment, in place
of all or some of their future payments. Wisconsin securitized its
entire 25 years of settlement payments just to pay down a portion
of their 2002 budget shortfall. Twenty five years of potential tobacco
education funding simply went up in smoke. Similar measures may
be passed in California and other States.
Congress
has done little
to get in Big Tobacco's way — Why?
In
spite of the overall progress made by other divisions of government
— the courts, a very small handful of State legislatures,
and many local governments — Congress has done almost nothing
to regulate Big Tobacco.
In
fact, for more than thirty years, Congress has passed no bill making
it harder for children to purchase cigarettes, no laws to limit
cigarette advertising, and no Federal workplace smoking law. And
for thirty years, Congress has passed no substantial increase in
the Federal tobacco tax; the US tobacco tax continues to be among
the lowest in the industrialized world.
A
clear pattern emerges here: our greatest successes legislatively
have been at the local level, in City Halls, and financially, in
the Judicial Branch of government, or court system.
State
Legislatures and Congress, on the other hand, have too often been
strongly influenced by Big Tobacco, and its hired lobbyists and
campaign donations, which have little effect over local City Halls
and the courts.
Certainly
our greatest win came from the Judicial Branch of government, which
awarded $246 billion in settlement of the States' lawsuits. Even
though little of the money has been used for youth education and
smoking cessation programs, this hurt Big Tobacco both financially,
and in terms of its public image.
In
March, 2003 Attorney General Ashcroft allowed a $289 billion Federal
lawsuit, begun by President Clinton and Janet Reno, to proceed against
Big Tobacco. Previously Ashcroft had dragged his feet about letting
this case proceed — even under funding the DOJ attorneys pursuing
the case, which impeded it for a time. The
tobacco industry was the largest political contributor to the Republicans
in the last election, and some speculated this was no accident.
"I believe the primary reason for Congress' stunning leniency
on Big Tobacco has been our system of campaign finance," says
Reynolds.
Looking at the larger picture, many other industries have also amassed
excessive influence over Congress, through huge political donations
and hundreds of hired lobbyists. Mr. Reynolds points out that the
large corporations have amassed truly awesome power over our government.
The tobacco industry, he says, is a prime example of excessive corporate
influence over Congress.
By April, 2002, after the long awaited and bitterly contested passage
of Campaign Finance Reform by Congress, more dollars were flowing
to our elected officials than ever before. Both parties went on
an unprecedented binge of political fundraising, collecting as much
as possible before the new bill became law in November, 2002. Since
that time, foes have challenged the new law in the courts, and doing
their best to weaken the law with loopholes and added rules. And
the special interest money, like water finding its way down through
the cracks, continues to wend its way to the politicians and parties.
Despite most politicians' claims that political donations have no
effect over the way they vote, no corporate executive gives
away millions of company dollars without expecting something substantial
in return. Any executive who did would be fired.
Studies show that politicians who have accepted donations from the
tobacco companies were several times more likely to vote the way
Big Tobacco wanted them to.
Thus
our former system of campaign finance effectively helped the tobacco
industry elude significant regulation by Congress for many decades.
Mr. Reynolds says that public finance of campaigns, while not perfect,
would keep our politicians more honest, and would cost every American
just $4.00 each per year. He also believes that the Internet offers
some excellent possibilities for reducing the cost of political
campaigns.
Is smoking a matter of personal choice? A
false spin: there's not so much choice, once you're addicted.
Is tobacco a personal freedoms issue? In
another spin, the cigarette industry aggressively promoted this
idea. But there is little freedom in enslavement to nicotine. And
shouldn't nonsmokers have the freedom to breath clean air? This
campaign was an effort by big tobacco to divert our attention away
from one basic truth: tobacco is much more a health issue than a
freedoms issue.
Quitting Smoking What’s
the best way to stop smoking? New studies show that smokers not in any program have a 95% failure rate. Smokers who use the patch
have a 16% success rate after one year; those who use the antidepressant
Zyban have a 25 to 30% success rate after a year; and those who
use both have an average 35% success rate. Nicotine replacement
products like the patch and gum are sold over-the-counter, while
Zyban requires a prescription. For the details of how to quit, see
our complete Quit Smoking Tips, or glance
over our Boilerplate Points.
Marketing in the Third World to
poor, undereducated peoples. Why did the US Trade Office help Big
Tobacco to open numerous new markets around the globe?
Chewing tobacco and countertop displays This
section is always included in Mr. Reynolds' talk for high schools
and middle schools, but it is only performed for adult groups at
the special request of the client. In a powerful section on chewing
tobacco, he shows heartbreaking before-and-after photos of Sean
Marsee, who died at age 19 from chewing tobacco — disfigured,
sad and in pain. A dramatic and emotional re-telling Sean's sad
story is perhaps the most poignant moment in his live anti-smoking
presentations.

Sean
Marsee at age 17 |

Sean
Marsee at age 19,
just prior to his death |
Mr. Reynolds shows these overheads
as he tells Sean Marsee's story.
Mr. Reynolds goes on to reveal that the only reason self-service
displays of tobacco have been placed on countertops everywhere is
because the tobacco companies pay each store a monthly fee
for every display of tobacco.
The truth is that just a few years ago, almost no one was using
chewing tobacco. But many thousands of kids were deceived, and concluded
the stores put the displays on counters because the product was
really popular and selling well. Seeing these displays daily for
years, many eventually got their curiosity up. Many tried it and
then got hooked, like Sean.
Countertop displays are sometimes right at child eye level, often
placed next to the candy. They also face away from the cashier,
making tobacco products too easy for kids to shoplift.
"A
store might lose $50 per month to shoplifting," says Mr. Reynolds.
But then they are being paid up to $100 per month to keep the display
on the countertop. So there's a stronger financial incentive to
keep the display where it is."
The next challenge: banning all tobacco displays, perhaps as part
of the Federal government's new lawsuit, recently filed by the Justice
Department. If tobacco were kept out of sight, under the counter,
then only already addicted customers would think to ask for it.
Cigars Was
this short-lived trend a new masculinity crisis? There are overlooked
health risks. Movie stars have done a great deal to help popularize
cigars. Will Smith and Jeff Goldblum in Independence Day, as well
as Arnold Schwartzenegger, Bruce Willis, Demi Moore, and Pierce
Brosnan, all appeared on the cover of Cigar Aficionado magazine.
Their use of cigars makes a powerful statement which is not lost
on teens as they browse through the nation's magazine racks. Cigars
cause mouth and throat cancer, as well as poisoning the air with
second hand smoke.
Why single out tobacco for regulation?
Are cars next? Tobacco
is set apart from all other products by one fact: it is the only
legal product which causes mass addiction, disease and death, when
used as intended. Cars, alcohol and other legal products are far
safer, when used as intended by the manufacturer.
R.J. Reynolds' and Philip Morris'
secret papers,
revealed in early 1998. One RJR executive wrote, 'The Camel Brand
must increase its share penetration among the 14 - 24 age group
— which represent tomorrow's cigarette business....' The story
of how the whistleblowers brought new evidence to light, adding
invaluable fuel to the States' lawsuits.
The tobacco subsidy and
why it persists
How much government regulation is
really necessary? With
regard to youth access to tobacco, are common sense and parental
guidance enough? Or do we need sting agents to monitor convenience
stores, conduct compliance checks, and issue $200 fines to clerks
who sell to kids? How would you answer?
Mr. Reynolds says that if parental advice were enough, we would
surely not have watched the youth smoking rate soar by 73% between
1988 and 1998. Patrick Reynolds advocates compliance checks (sting operations), but notes,
"It wouldn't take
merchants very long to get the idea."
Since 1998, teen smoking rates have been trending downward, thanks in part to the states which spent millions from their tobacco-generated revenues on comprehensive tobacco prevention programs, which almost always include a paid ad campaign and statewide education in schools.
A study released in October, 2000 showed that States such as California,
which have the strongest regulations to curtail youth smoking, have
the lowest teen smoking rates — while states such as North
Dakota, which have the least regulation, have the highest teen smoking
rates. In a stunning achievement, Florida reduced middle school
smoking by 50%, since beginning its tobacco education campaign,
the Tobacco Pilot Program, initially budgeted at $70 million per
year.
The $246 billion Settlement between
the States and Big Tobacco
"The
good news is that in April 1999, all outdoor tobacco billboards
were taken down for good. Starting in 2000, the use of cartoon characters,
and "gear" like T-shirts and baseball hats sporting tobacco
logos, also came to an end.
"The
four States who settled first — Florida, Texas, Minnesota
and Mississippi — received a total settlement of $40 billion,
proportionally more than the remaining States later received. Each
of the first four agreed to put a significant portion of their settlement
money into anti-tobacco counter-advertising, cessation, and school-based
tobacco education and prevention programs. Many of their early counter
ads attacked the tobacco industry, as California's pioneering ad
campaign had done.
"Florida's
tobacco prevention campaign resulted in the most successful effort
ever. By early 2000, there had been a 50% reduction in middle school
smoking in Florida as a result of their well-funded program.
Republican Senator John McCain, who was in the news in April, 2001
for bucking his own Party and championing his landmark campaign
finance reform bill, in 1997 introduced another visionary bill before
Congress. It would have settled all the remaining States' lawsuits
against Big Tobacco.
McCain's national tobacco settlement bill would have awarded more
money, and also contained more teen tobacco prevention money, and
stronger limits on tobacco advertising than were later agreed to
by the States. But it also would have granted Big Tobacco immunity
from all future class action suits.
A little noticed fight broke out at the highest levels of the anti-smoking
movement, with the American Lung Association one side, siding with
the more outspoken advocates, and the American Cancer Society on
the other. The Lung Association objected to giving Big Tobacco any
form of immunity from future lawsuits; the Cancer Society was willing
to accept immunity in exchange for the huge concessions on advertising
which McCain's bill contained. Another concern many had was that
the legislative branch of government was clearly overstepping its
Constitutional boundaries, and interfering with the judicial branch.
Congress had done next to nothing to regulate tobacco for 30 years,
and now they were going to interfere with the courts, where real
progress was being made against Big Tobacco.
Pressure built as anti-smoking advocates, including Senator Ted
Kennedy, moved to increase the amount of money the tobacco industry
would have to pay. Finally, the bubble burst. One tobacco company
withdrew from the negotiations, claiming the money requirements
would bankrupt them.
Not surprisingly, the coup de grace to McCain's tobacco settlement
bill was administered by his own Republican leadership. Both Trent
Lott and Newt Gingrich had been consistent protectors of Big Tobacco,
and both were always grateful for the tobacco companies' enormous
campaign contributions to their party. In recent years, 80% of Big
Tobacco's political donations had gone to Republicans. It came as
no surprise that Gingrich and Lott found some obscure procedural
rules, and used them to effectively kill the bill. McCain's Tobacco
Settlement Deal was dead.
Now that there would be no national deal, the States' attorneys
general held a series of intense meetings behind closed doors. Anti-smoking
advocates complained loudly that they had been mostly excluded.
Finally, in late 1998, the remaining 46 States signed what became
known as the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA).
The MSA did create a national foundation for tobacco education,
the American Legacy Foundation in Washington DC. But only $1.45
billion went into it, an amount less than 1% of the total settlement.
Although the income from the national foundation is now about $300
million per year, the tobacco industry spent $5 billion on advertising
in 1998, and a similar amount in prior years. Then in 1999, they
increased it to an astounding $8 billion! Much of that went to keep
countertop displays on countertops in grocery and convenience stores.
(See www.tobaccofree.org/children.htm.)
Florida
has cut middle school smoking by 50%. These programs work effectively,
but only when they are well funded. More of the Tobacco Settlement
should also be used to help make up the enormous gap between the
$8 billion the tobacco industry spends annually on cigarette advertising,
and the $300 million the American Legacy Foundation has to work
with annually.
In summary, it's critical that the States now allocate more funds
for tobacco prevention and education. 99% of the settlement money
simply went into each State's general fund, without any requirement
to allocate dollars for the kind of tremendously successful youth
tobacco prevention programs implemented in Florida. Our next task
is to convince our legislators of this need, and that these programs
really do work.
In 2000, the American Legacy Foundation began running some hard-hitting
ads on national TV. In one TV spot, 'Body Bag,' 1200 body bags were
piled up outside a tobacco company's headquarters in NYC, to show
tobacco executives what just one day's US death from smoking might
look like.
The Campaign for Tobaccofree Kids reported that as of April, 2001,
only 17 States have allocated a substantial portion of their Settlement
funds to provide tobacco education and cessation programs, according
to CDC recommended guidelines. Few have exceeded the CDC's minimum
recommended amounts.
For the current details of this, a complete description of the tobacco
Settlement's points, as well as a current State by State status
report, may be found at the web page, http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/reports/settlements/.
Why did the Attorneys General accept a weaker than necessary Settlement
Agreement with Big Tobacco? One sad but possible answer is that
many had an eye on the tobacco industry's campaign donations for
their future political races — a race for Governor here, a
Senate seat there.
In agreeing to the MSA, tobacco industry attorneys may have considered
that the national foundation might make it appear to State legislators
as though enough funding for tobacco prevention and education had
already been allocated. In addition there is a mistaken presumption
among many politicians that tobacco education programs don't work.
However, let us remember that follow up surveys prove that the Florida
programs have resulted in a 50% reduction of middle school smoking.
Meanwhile, the tobacco companies have continued an unprecedented
binge of contributions to politicians. Sadly, this will no doubt
prevent many States from allocating further settlement funds for
tobacco education programs. Strong campaign finance reform will
do much to correct this problem.
These are the primary reasons that so many States have set aside
only a fraction of the funds needed to duplicate Florida's success.
With patience and persistence, however, and with the passage of
strong campaign finance reform, advocates can begin to change legislators'
minds about tobacco prevention programs.
These programs work. It's just a question of seeing to it that our
legislators be presented with the existing scientific proof of this.
If lawmakers are shown the existing evidence that these programs
work, elected officials will have a clear and pressing mandate to
fulfill the promise made by all the States in the beginning. While
their lawsuits were still in progress, States vowed to use a substantial
portion of any Settlement money to prevent youth from becoming addicted
to tobacco. For a majority of States, it is a promise still waiting
to be kept. Sadly, the real losers here are our children.

April, 2001: President Bush's proposed
budget de-funded the Federal government's lawsuit against Big Tobacco.
Funding would not be restored until well over a year.
In
April, 2001, President Bush's proposed budget drastically cut funds
for the Justice Department's lawsuit against the tobacco industry.
At the time, some in the tobacco control community said it could
result in a $100 billion savings to Big Tobacco.
The
Bush Administration finally changed course, when Attorney General
Ashcroft said the Federal government would pursue its suit against
Big Tobacco.
During the long process of settling the lawsuits brought by the
States against Big Tobacco, there was a move by some in Congress
to give the tobacco industry immunity from all further lawsuits.
The anti-smoking community was split, as on the plus side, it briefly
appeared there would have been more money in the total settlement,
and greater concessions on limiting tobacco advertising.
Some tobaccofree advocates said it was unconstitutional for the
executive branch of government to interfere so blatantly with the
judicial branch. For Congress to legislate immunity for Big Tobacco
from further suits seemed to push that boundary, and gave many of
us pause — after all, it was the court system, and certainly
not Congress, which enabled those of us fighting tobacco to make
some of the greatest progress.
Many anti-smoking advocates saw Bush's move to stall the Federal
lawsuit as a brazen protection of Big Tobacco. Bush has hired several
people who have worked closely with the cigarette industry, like
chief political strategist Carl Rove. While many were dismayed,
few in the tobacco control community were very surprised. And only
a few spoke out about it.
According to Common Cause, the tobacco companies gave over $5.37
million in campaign donations in 1999 and 2000 — with $4.7
million, or 88%, going to Republicans. Is it really just a coincidence
that Bush drastically cut the funding of the Federal lawsuit against
Big Tobacco at the time?
No
corporation gives away millions of dollars without a good reason.
Department of Justice lawyers reported they would need $57 million
to continue, but Bush offered just $1.8 million. In truth, this
budget point, had it been adopted, would have meant the end of the
Federal lawsuit.
The best remedy here is strong, uncompromising campaign finance
reform. Fortunately, the McCain-Feingold campaign finance reform
bill was been passed by Congress, after numerous attempts to water
it down. While the big money is still finding its way to the parties
and candidates, it was decidedly a step in the right direction,
in this advocate's opinion. Opponents have sued to undo the bill
(see the subtitle near the top of this page in red, A Pattern Emerges.)
Looking at the public perception of the tobacco lawsuits, many people
feel that smokers should be accountable for the disease and death
they bring on themselves by their choice to continue to smoke. They
should, no question.
But does that mean we should let the tobacco industry go unaccountable
for its part in causing the problem? They targeted young people
in their ad campaigns, they failed to warn of the addictiveness
of their products, and for years they claimed publicly that smoking
doesn't cause disease.
As to the 'choice' to smoke, for many, smoking is a nearly unbeatable
addiction, and there is far less choice than the tobacco companies
have suggested to their customers. Eighty percent of smokers became
addicted before reaching age 19, and cigarettes are as addicting
as heroin, according to Dr. Koop's report.
Looking at the bigger picture, it's significant that it's not Congress
who is bringing Big Tobacco to heel. It's the judicial branch of
government, and local coalitions.
For 30 years, Congress has passed no Federal workplace smoking law,
no laws making it harder for kids to buy cigarettes, no limits on
tobacco advertising, and no substantial Federal cigarette tax increase.
I believe the primary reason for this is our present system of campaign
finance and special interest lobbying.
It's ominous that multinationals like Big Tobacco can acquire this
much power over our Federal government. Until campaign finance reform
is passed, the court system is perhaps our best means of ensuring
that fewer of our children become addicted to smoking.
This is a sad moment for all of us fighting to keep our kids off
cigarettes.
THE COMING SMOKEFREE SOCIETY A
moving closing vision and promise: families will no longer burdened
with premature deaths of loved ones from smoking, and we will see
a society without tobacco in the 21st Century
Q & A SESSION One
third to one-half of the program.
RECEPTION following
the talk, if desired
What
people are saying about
TOBACCO WARS!
The Battle for a Smokefree Society
"Students,
faculty, and community members were unanimous in their praise of
his excellent talk."
"A superb
and timely program, enthusiastically received, with a house filled
to overflowing, and excellent TV, radio and newspaper coverage!"
"Thank you
for the magnificent presentation you made at our launch meeting
for our nicotine patch, Habitual. Your unique perspective, coupled
with honest and forthright communications skills, touched the hearts
of the 1500 folk present. The standing ovation midway through said
it all."
"Not only
did you give us a successful event, but you gave a great boost to
our public image. The TV media strongly covered your visit, and
so you have had Mississippi College's name before the public a great
deal. The print media also gave us a lot of ink, with a front section-page
feature story which took up three quarters of the page! I cannot
imagine what all that would have cost us, if it were even buyable!"
"Our conference
was a huge success, in large part due to your participation. You
were highly motivating; all left the conference with renewed strength.
And what successful media coverage! We had several TV stations,
radio stations, and the state's largest newspaper. To say the least,
I am very pleased."
"Your presentation
went over very well. People remember concepts when emotional pictures
are created and linked together to illustrate a point. This is what
you do so well. When people are moved emotionally, they will remember,
and they will take action. The audience loved this emotional link,
as I did, with a splash of humor thrown in here and there. Nice
touch. I was also impressed with your knowledge and delivery. Your
presentation was sincere and heartfelt, as well as humorous and
informative. For these reasons, it was most enjoyable. I will be
talking to our marketing and public relations departments regarding
your talk. Thank you again for a wonderful presentation."
"The Kickoff
was a great success as evidenced by the media coverage (TV, radio,
newspaper) that participated. Your presentation was the highlight
of the afternoon's agenda, and you were definitely the person who
drew the media coverage."
"An extremely
powerful lecture which drew a large crowd and a front page story.
He was personable, knowledgeable, and professional, and attracted
people from all sections of the community."
"Attendance
was outstanding, and the media coverage — TV, radio, and newspapers
— was terrific!"
"Inspirational!"
"What a
speaker! He was dynamic and highly knowledgeable, and what media
coverage! I want to have him back."
For a brief description
of Mr. Reynolds' motivational talks
for universities, middle and high schools, please click
here.
For a complete information package, click
here.
To volunteer five minutes, click
here.
FOR HEALTH CONFERENCES
Mr.
Reynolds motivates health conference attendees with a powerful acknowledgment
of the importance of their work. This instills a renewed sense of
pride; some have written that they left his talk with "a feeling
of being renewed and refreshed." He also speaks about the accomplishments
of the client's organization, and points out that each individual
is a model for ethical leadership within the group. "Your actions
lead your co-workers in a good direction, through the examples you
set. You may think they're small, but they're not. The fact is,
you set an example for the whole area where you live," he says.
"You truly are leaders of your community." He reminds
each health worker how valuable and vital their contribution is,
and that they are indeed making a difference. He closes with a promise
of the coming smokefree society, and says, "You are men and
women who have chosen to devote your lives to improving and maintaining
the health of your community. When the smokefree society arrives
at last, it will happen because of your work and dedication. History
will remember that it happened because of you."
FOR UNIVERSITIES
Patrick
Reynolds' University talk empowers students at all levels to defend
themselves against the onslaught of tobacco advertising and social
pressures to smoke.
This program generally runs 90 minutes — 45 minutes of lecture,
and 45 minutes of Q & A. Following the Q & A program, Mr.
Reynolds likes to invite those interested to join him for an informal
reception so he can meet them personally, and so interested community
members can meet and exchange cards. Often there is an informal
dinner afterward with members of the student government or conference.
He opens students' eyes to the facts — how for decades, multi-billion
dollar cigarette ad campaigns targeted women, teens, blacks and
other minority populations, and continue to target poor, uneducated
peoples in the Third World.
He explains the importance of the laws limiting second hand smoke.
At Universities, he informs audiences about the powerful tobacco
lobby, and the need to go beyond recent regulations, and bring about
still stronger regulation of tobacco products. And Mr. Reynolds
speaks about the prerequisite for this, campaign finance reform.
He discusses further limits on cigarette advertising, a higher Federal
tobacco tax, OSHA's proposed national workplace smoking ban (tabled
for now), and stronger youth access laws. Patrick Reynolds discusses
the Supreme Court ruling in early 2000 that Congress, not the FDA,
must regulate tobacco. He talks about the imperative to provide
sting operations to enforce existing over-the-counter sales-to-minors
laws, as our children can still obtain cigarettes too easily much
of the time. And he expresses his anger about the export and marketing
of U.S. brands in the Third World and Asia, to poor, uneducated
peoples who are often ignorant of the hazards of tobacco use.
Mr. Reynolds closes with an inspirational promise — a moving
vision of the coming smokefree society in the 21st century.
University students, faculty and community members, as well as Health
conference attendees, are fascinated by Mr. Reynolds' powerful and
dynamic keynotes and lectures.
Make
one local call to get sponsorship for a talk!
Who to call in your city, plus
talking points
His talk for adults for colleges,
community members and health conferences
His assembly program for high schools and middle schools
View video and
audio clips from the bestselling
educational video of his live talk
For our complete information package, click
here.
For a brief summary of Mr. Reynolds'
talks for youth and his college lecture, click
here.
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